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±î³ª¸®'s Gentoo Install Guide


Contents

1. ±î³ª¸®'s Gentoo Install Guide
1.1. get! gentoo
1.2. Booting the LiveCD(s)
1.2.1. NIC Detect
1.2.2. Network Setup
1.2.3. DMA on
1.2.4. ROOT passwd change
1.2.5. Option
1.2.6. FDISK
1.3. Creating Filesystems
1.4. Mounting
1.5. Install a Stage Tarball
1.5.1. Internet À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â
1.5.2. LiveCD ·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â
1.5.3. USE Flag ¿Í mirror Á¶Á¤
1.6. Chrooting
1.6.1. glibc locale »ç¿ëÀÚ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ (¿É¼Ç)
1.6.2. Stage 1 to Stage 2
1.6.3. Stage 2 to Stage 3
1.7. Timezone
1.8. Kernel Compile
1.9. fstab
1.10. Network Information
1.10.1. Centrino Wireless LAN Àâ±â
1.10.2. Wireless LAN eth1
1.11. System Information
1.11.1. °¢ÀÚ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¸Â´Â ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇØ ÁØ´Ù.
1.12. Boot Loader
1.13. Rebooting the System
1.14. Neccesary programs
1.15. NPTL
1.15.1. NPTL Àû¿ë½ÃÅ°±â (The Native POSIX Thread Library)
1.15.2. NPTL È®ÀÎÇϱâ
1.16. X-Windows
1.16.1. TTF font setting
1.16.2. ÇѱÛÀԷ±⠼³Ä¡
1.16.3. ¸ð´ÏÅÍ dpms Á¤º¸°¡ À߸ø µÇ¾úÀ»½Ã ¼öµ¿À¸·Î ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý


1.1. get! gentoo

http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml
ex) http://mirror.gentoo.gr.jp/releases/x86/2004.3/livecd/install-x86-minimal-2004.3-r1.iso

¹Ì·¯´Â Çѱ¹ or ÀϺ»ÂÊ¿¡¼­ ¹Þ´Â°Ô ¼Óµµ³ª Á¤½Å°Ç°­»ó ÁÁ´Ù. LiveCD ¸¦ ´Ù¿î¹ÞÀ¸¸é µÇ´Âµ¥, µé¾î°¡´Â ¼ø¼­´Â

release -> x86 (or Àڽſ¡ ¸Â´Â architecture ¸¦ ¼±ÅÃ) -> 2004.3 (2004³â 12¿ù ÇöÀç ÃÖ½Å) -> LiveCD -> Pentium4 (ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ CPU¿¡ ¸Â°Ô ¼±ÅÃ) -> CD Download (minimal or universal)

minimal Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛ ºÎÆÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ¼ÒÀÇ ¿ë·®¸¸ °®°íÀÖ´Ù. (stageX.tar.bz2 ÇÊ¿äÇÔ) – 2004.3 ¾à 50MB
universal Àº ¾ÆÅ°ÅØÃÄ¿¡ ¸Â´Â stage µéÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ´Ù. - 2004.3 ¾à 650MB

1.2. Booting the LiveCD(s)

boot: gentoo(gentoo-nofb) or smp (smp-nofb)

ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ CPU °¡ singleÀÏ °æ¿ì Enter ¶Ç´Â gentoo ¶ó°í ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ°í µé¾î°¡¸ç µÇ°í, smp(ÆæƼ¾ö4 °è¿­ ÇÏÀÌÆÛ¾²·¹µùµµ Æ÷ÇÔµÊ) À¸·Î ºÎÆÃÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ±× ¹Û¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¸ðµå ¿É¼ÇÀ» º¸·Á¸é F2 Å°¸¦ ´©¸£¸é ÀÚ¼¼ÇÏ°Ô ¼³¸íÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù.

1.2.1. NIC Detect

# modprobe 8139too or e100 (network modules)
°¡²û ·£Ä«µå ¸ðµâÀÌ ¾È ¿Ã¶ó¿Ã °æ¿ì°¡ Àִµ¥, ±×·²¶§´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ NIC ¿¡ ¸Â´Â ¸ðµâÀ» ¿Ã·ÁÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù.

1.2.2. Network Setup

# net-setup eth0 (³×Æ®¿öÅ©  ¼³Á¤)
# ifconfig eth0 (³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤È®ÀÎ)
# ping -c 3 kr.yahoo.com
net-setup eth0 À̶ó°í ÀÔ·ÂÀ» Çϸé, ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ ¼ø¼­´ë·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼Â¾÷À» ÇØÁÖ¸é µÇ´Âµ¥, dhcp ¶Ç´Â static »óȲ¿¡ ¸Â°Ô °ªÀ» ³Ö¾îÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù. (ADSL Àº »ç¿ëÇغ¸Áö ¾Ê¾Æ¼­ skip)

1.2.3. DMA on

# hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda
IDE Çϵå¿þ¾î¸¦ °®°íÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº Ưº°ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÌ»ó DMA ¸¦ ²À ÄÑÁֱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. (´ëºÎºÐ ÇØ´ç)
* ¾Ë°í ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸ SCSI HDD ´Â ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¸ÔÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ »çÇ×Àº DMA ´ëÇؼ­ ¾Ë¾Æº¸¸ç ÁÁ´Ù.

1.2.4. ROOT passwd change

# passwd
sshd µ¥¸óÀ» ¶ç¿ì°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ »ç¶÷Àº root passwd ¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù

1.2.5. Option

# /etc/init.d/sshd start
# ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:01:02:82:DB:58
          inet addr:192.168.0.100  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:158606 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:123666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:96163883 (91.7 Mb)  TX bytes:20863289 (19.8 Mb)
          Interrupt:11 Base address:0xc000
sshd µ¥¸óÀ» ¶ç¿ì°í ´Ù¸¥ Å͹̳ο¡¼­ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

1.2.6. FDISK

Partition		Fileststem		Size		Description
/dev/hda1		ext3			100M		Boot Partition
/dev/hda2		swap			2G		Swap Partition
/dev/hda3		xfs			remaining	Root Partition

FDISK Ç׸ñÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù
À§ÀÇ ¿¹´Â /dev/hda µð½ºÅ© 1°³¸¦ hda1~3 ¹øÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾ú´Ù. /dev/hda1 Àº /boot ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ºÎºÐÀ̸ç ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀº ext3 ·Î Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. /dev/hda2 ºÎºÐÀº swap ¿µ¿ªÀε¥ ¸Þ¸ð¸®ÀÇ 1 ~ 1.5¹è Á¤µµ ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ¸é µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. /dev/hda3 ¿µ¿ªÀº ³²Àº Çϵåµð½ºÅ©¸¦ ¸ðµÎ ÇÒ´çÇÏ°í ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀº xfs ·Î Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ »çÇ×Àº Á¨Åõ ¸Þ´º¾ó ¶Ç´Â man fdisk ¸¦ Âü°íÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.

FilesystemCreation Command
ext2mke2fs
ext3mke2fs -j
reiserfsmkreiserfs
xfsmkfs.xfs
jfsmkfs.jfs

1.3. Creating Filesystems

# mke2fs -j /dev/hda1 (ext3 ·Î ¸¸µé±â)
# mkfs.xfs /dev/hda3 (xfs ·Î ¸¸µé±â)
# mkswap /dev/hda2 (½º¿Ò¸¸µé±â)
# swapon /dev/hda2

1.4. Mounting

# mount /dev/hda3 /mnt/gentoo
# mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot
# mount -t ext3 /dev/hda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot
chroot ÇϱâÀ§ÇÑ ÁغñÀÛ¾÷

1.5. Install a Stage Tarball

# date 120416102004 (2004³â 12¿ù 04ÀÏ 16:10)
ÇöÀç ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ ½Ã°£À» ÁöÁ¤ÇØÁÖ±â

1.5.1. Internet À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â

# cd /mnt/gentoo
# links2 http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml
À̵¿Å° : ¹æÇâÅ°, ´Ù¿î·ÎµåÅ° "d"
stage ÆÄÀÏ°ú ½º³À¼¦ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ´Ù¿î·Îµå ÇÑ´Ù, ¹°·Ð È®ÀÎÀ» À§ÇØ md5µµ ¹ÞÀ¸¸é ÁÁ´Ù
# md5sum -c stage?-*.tar.bz2.md5 (stage 2, 3)
# md5sum -c portage-*.tar.bz2.md5 (snapshot)
´Ù¿î·Îµå ¹ÞÀº ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ÀÌ»óÀ¯¹« °Ë»ç
# tar -xvjpf stage?-*.tar.bz2
# tar -xvjf /mnt/gentoo/portage-20041202.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/usr
tarball Ç®±â

1.5.2. LiveCD ·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â

# cd /mnt/gentoo
# ls /mnt/cdrom/stages
# tar -xvjpf /mnt/cdrom/stages/stage?-*.tar.bz2
# tar -xvjpf /mnt/cdrom/snapshot/portage-*.tar.bz2
tarball Ç®±â

1.5.3. USE Flag ¿Í mirror Á¶Á¤

# nano -w /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf
USE="x86 alsa acpi -arts avi berkdb crypt cups encode foomaticdb gdbm gif gpm gtk gtk2 imlib jpeg -kde gnome libg++ libwww mad mikmod motif mpeg ncurses nls nptl oggvorbis mp3 opengl pam pdflib png python -qt quicktime readline sdl slang spell ssl svga tcpd truetype X xml2 xv zlib cjk multichar sse sse2 mmx"
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://ftp.gentoo.or.kr/ http://mirror.gentoo.or.kr/"
¹Ì·¯´Â Çѱ¹°ú ÀϺ»¹Ì·¯

1.6. Chrooting

# cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/resolv.conf
chroot ÇϱâÀü¿¡ DNS Á¤º¸ÆÄÀÏÀÎ resolv.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» chroot µÉ etc µð·ºÅ丮 ¹Ø¿¡ º¹»ç

# mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
# chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
root directory change !
# env-update
/etc/env.d/ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ Àִ ȯ°æ°ªÀ» ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇØÁÜ
# source /etc/profile
/etc/profile Àû¿ë
# emerge --sync
portage sync

1.6.1. glibc locale »ç¿ëÀÚ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ (¿É¼Ç)

# mkdir /etc/portage
# echo "sys-libs/glibc userlocales" >> /etc/portage/package.use
# nano -w /etc/locales.build
en_US/ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8
ko_KR.EUC-KR/EUC-KR
ko_KR.UTF-8/UTF-8
ko_KR/EUC-KR

1.6.2. Stage 1 to Stage 2

# cd /usr/portage
# scripts/bootstrap.sh
ºÎÆ®½ºÆ®·¦ °úÁ¤ (»ó´çÈ÷ ¿À·¡ °É¸°´Ù !!!)

1.6.3. Stage 2 to Stage 3

# emerge system
½Ã½ºÅÛ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¸ðµÎ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇØÁØ´Ù (Á¶±Ý ¿À·¡°É¸²)

1.7. Timezone

# ls /usr/share/zoneinfo
# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Seoul /etc/localtime
ÇöÀç ÄÄÅÍÀÇ Å¸ÀÓÁ¸À» ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ/¼­¿ï·Î ½Éº¼¸¯ ¸µÅ©¸¦ °É¾îÁÜ (-f ´Â °­Á¦)

1.8. Kernel Compile

# cd /usr/portage/sys-kernel/gentoo-dev-source
# emerge gentoo-dev-sources-2.6.9-r9.ebuild (gentoo-dev-source »ç¿ë)
# cd /usr/src/linux
# make menuconfig
Ä¿³Î¼³Á¤Àº º»ÀÎÀÇ PC ¿Í ȯ°æ¿¡ ¸Â°Ô ¼¼ÆÃÇØÁÖµÇ, ¾Æ·¡ »çÇ×µéÀº Á¨Åõ¸®´ª½º »ç¿ë½Ã ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¿É¼ÇµéÀÌ´Ï ³Ö¾îÁֱ⠹ٶ÷

Activating Required Options
Code Listing 6: Selecting experimental code/drivers
Code maturity level options --->
  [*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers

Code Listing 7: Selecting correct processor family
Processor type and features --->
  (Change according to your system)
  (Athlon/Duron/K7) Processor family

Code Listing 8: Selecting necessary file systems 
(With a 2.6.x kernel)
File systems --->
  Pseudo Filesystems --->
    [*] /proc file system support
    [*] /dev file system support (OBSOLETE)
    [*]   Automatically mount at boot
    [*] Virtual memory file system support (former shm fs)

(Select one or more of the following options as needed by your system)
  <*> Reiserfs support
  <*> Ext3 journalling file system support
  <*> JFS filesystem support
  <*> Second extended fs support
  <*> XFS filesystem support

Code Listing 11: Activating SMP support
Processor type and features  --->
  [*] Symmetric multi-processing support

Code Listing 12: Activating USB Support for Input Devices
USB Support --->
  <*>   USB Human Interface Device (full HID) support

For 2.6 kernel
# make && make modules_install
º»°ÝÀûÀÎ Ä¿³ÎÄÄÆÄÀÏ (½Ã°£ÀÌ ¿À·¡°É¸²)

# cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/gentoo-2.6.9-r9
# cp System.map /boot/System.map-gentoo-2.6.9-r9
# cp .config /boot/config-2.6.9-r9
Ä¿³ÎÄÄÆÄÀÏÈÄ »êÃâµÈ ÆÄÀϵéÀ» /boot µð·ºÅ丮·Î º¹»ç

# emerge coldplug
# rc-update add coldplug boot
coldplug µ¥¸ó ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# emerge hotplug
# rc-update add hotplug default
hotplug µ¥¸ó ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# nano -w /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.X
# modules-update
Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀϽà ¸ðµâ·Î ³Ö¾ú´ø ºÎºÐÀ» ³Ö¾îÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù (kernel-2.4 or kernel-2.6)

1.9. fstab

/dev/hda1	/boot		ext3		noatime		1 1
/dev/hda3	/		xfs		noatime		0 0
/dev/hda2	none		swap		sw			0 0
À§ÀÇ FDISK ÇÒ¶§ Àâ¾ÆÁØ ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ°ú ¸¶¿îÆ®À§Ä¡¸¦ ¸ÂÃçÁØ´Ù

1.10. Network Information

# echo ns > /etc/hostname (È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓ µî·Ï)
# echo kkanari.info > /etc/dnsdomainname
# echo kkanari.info > /etc/nisdomainname
# rc-update add domainname default
µµ¸ÞÀÎ ÀÔ·Â & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï
# nano -w /etc/conf.d/net (³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤)

 === static ===
iface_eth1=¡±192.168.6.17 broadcast 192.168.6.255 netmask 255.255.255.0¡±
gateway=¡±eth1/192.168.6.1¡±

 === dhcp ===
iface_eth1=¡±dhcp¡±

1.10.1. Centrino Wireless LAN Àâ±â

# emerge ipw2100
# modprobe ipw2100
# iwlist scanning (essid ã±â)
# iwconfig eth1 essid ¡°3com¡± key 1234 (¾ÏÈ£°ªÀÌ ¹®ÀÚÀÏ°æ¿ì key s:abcd ¶ó°í ÀÔ·ÂÇØÁÜ)

1.10.2. Wireless LAN eth1

# cd /etc/init.d
# ln -s net.eth0 net.eth1
# nano -w /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1		localhost
192.168.6.17	x31.kkanari.org		x31

1.11. System Information

# passwd
# nano -w /etc/rc.conf (ÇØ´çÇ׸ñ¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »çÇ×ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¼öÁ¤ÇØ ÁØ´Ù, ¾Æ·¡´Â ³»°¡ ¼öÁ¤ÇÑ ³»¿ª)
CLOCK="local"
EDITOR="/usr/bin/vim"
DISPLAYMANAGER="gdm"
XSESSION="Gnome"

# emerge metalog
# rc-update add metalog default
metalog ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# emerge vixie-cron
# rc-update add vixie-cron default
vixie-cron ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# emerge slocate (filesystem indexing)
# emerge xfsprogs (xfs filesystem needs)

1.11.1. °¢ÀÚ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¸Â´Â ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇØ ÁØ´Ù.

File SystemToolInstall Command
XFSxfsprogsemerge xfsprogs
ReiserFSreiserfsprogsemerge reiserfsprogs
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