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GentooInstallGuide (rev. 1.23)

FrontPage GentooInstallGuide

±î³ª¸®'s Gentoo Install Guide


Contents

1. ±î³ª¸®'s Gentoo Install Guide
1.1. get! gentoo
1.2. Booting the LiveCD(s)
2. NIC Detect
3. Network Setup
4. DMA on
5. ROOT passwd change
6. Option
6.1. FDISK
7. FDISK Ç׸ñÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù
7.1. Creating Filesystems
7.2. Mounting
7.3. Install a Stage Tarball
8. Internet À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â
9. LiveCD ·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â
10. USE Flag ¿Í mirror Á¶Á¤
10.1. Chrooting
11. glibc locale »ç¿ëÀÚ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ (¿É¼Ç)
12. Stage 1 to Stage 2
13. Stage 2 to Stage 3
13.1. Timezone
13.2. Kernel Compile
13.3. fstab
13.4. Network Information
14. Centrino Wireless LAN Àâ±â
15. Wireless LAN eth1
15.1. System Information
16. °¢ÀÚ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¸Â´Â ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇØ ÁØ´Ù.
16.1. Boot Loader
16.2. Rebooting the System
16.3. Neccesary programs
17. NPTL Àû¿ë½ÃÅ°±â (The Native POSIX Thread Library)
18. NPTL È®ÀÎÇϱâ
18.1. X-Windows
19. TTF font setting


1.1. get! gentoo

http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml
ex) http://mirror.gentoo.gr.jp/releases/x86/2004.3/livecd/install-x86-minimal-2004.3-r1.iso

¹Ì·¯´Â Çѱ¹ or ÀϺ»ÂÊ¿¡¼­ ¹Þ´Â°Ô ¼Óµµ³ª Á¤½Å°Ç°­»ó ÁÁ´Ù. LiveCD ¸¦ ´Ù¿î¹ÞÀ¸¸é µÇ´Âµ¥, µé¾î°¡´Â ¼ø¼­´Â

release -> x86 (or Àڽſ¡ ¸Â´Â architecture ¸¦ ¼±ÅÃ) -> 2004.3 (2004³â 12¿ù ÇöÀç ÃÖ½Å) -> LiveCD -> Pentium4 (ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ CPU¿¡ ¸Â°Ô ¼±ÅÃ) -> CD Download (minimal or universal)

minimal Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛ ºÎÆÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ¼ÒÀÇ ¿ë·®¸¸ °®°íÀÖ´Ù. (stageX.tar.bz2 ÇÊ¿äÇÔ) – 2004.3 ¾à 50MB
universal Àº ¾ÆÅ°ÅØÃÄ¿¡ ¸Â´Â stage µéÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ´Ù. - 2004.3 ¾à 650MB

1.2. Booting the LiveCD(s)

boot: gentoo(gentoo-nofb) or smp (smp-nofb)

ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ CPU °¡ singleÀÏ °æ¿ì Enter ¶Ç´Â gentoo ¶ó°í ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ°í µé¾î°¡¸ç µÇ°í, smp(ÆæƼ¾ö4 °è¿­ ÇÏÀÌÆÛ¾²·¹µùµµ Æ÷ÇÔµÊ) À¸·Î ºÎÆÃÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ±× ¹Û¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¸ðµå ¿É¼ÇÀ» º¸·Á¸é F2 Å°¸¦ ´©¸£¸é ÀÚ¼¼ÇÏ°Ô ¼³¸íÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù.

2. NIC Detect

# modprobe 8139too or e100 (network modules)
°¡²û ·£Ä«µå ¸ðµâÀÌ ¾È ¿Ã¶ó¿Ã °æ¿ì°¡ Àִµ¥, ±×·²¶§´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ NIC ¿¡ ¸Â´Â ¸ðµâÀ» ¿Ã·ÁÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù.

3. Network Setup

# net-setup eth0 (³×Æ®¿öÅ©  ¼³Á¤)
# ifconfig eth0 (³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤È®ÀÎ)
# ping -c 3 kr.yahoo.com
net-setup eth0 À̶ó°í ÀÔ·ÂÀ» Çϸé, ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ ¼ø¼­´ë·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼Â¾÷À» ÇØÁÖ¸é µÇ´Âµ¥, dhcp ¶Ç´Â static »óȲ¿¡ ¸Â°Ô °ªÀ» ³Ö¾îÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù. (ADSL Àº »ç¿ëÇغ¸Áö ¾Ê¾Æ¼­ skip)

4. DMA on

# hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda
IDE Çϵå¿þ¾î¸¦ °®°íÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº Ưº°ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÌ»ó DMA ¸¦ ²À ÄÑÁֱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. (´ëºÎºÐ ÇØ´ç)
* ¾Ë°í ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸ SCSI HDD ´Â ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¸ÔÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ »çÇ×Àº DMA ´ëÇؼ­ ¾Ë¾Æº¸¸ç ÁÁ´Ù.

5. ROOT passwd change

# passwd
sshd µ¥¸óÀ» ¶ç¿ì°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ »ç¶÷Àº root passwd ¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù

6. Option

# /etc/init.d/sshd start
# ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:01:02:82:DB:58
          inet addr:192.168.0.100  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:158606 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:123666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:96163883 (91.7 Mb)  TX bytes:20863289 (19.8 Mb)
          Interrupt:11 Base address:0xc000
sshd µ¥¸óÀ» ¶ç¿ì°í ´Ù¸¥ Å͹̳ο¡¼­ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

6.1. FDISK

Partition		Fileststem		Size		Description
/dev/hda1		ext3			100M		Boot Partition
/dev/hda2		swap			2G		Swap Partition
/dev/hda3		xfs			remaining	Root Partition

7. FDISK Ç׸ñÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù

À§ÀÇ ¿¹´Â /dev/hda µð½ºÅ© 1°³¸¦ hda1~3 ¹øÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾ú´Ù. /dev/hda1 Àº /boot ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ºÎºÐÀ̸ç ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀº ext3 ·Î Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. /dev/hda2 ºÎºÐÀº swap ¿µ¿ªÀε¥ ¸Þ¸ð¸®ÀÇ 1 ~ 1.5¹è Á¤µµ ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ¸é µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. /dev/hda3 ¿µ¿ªÀº ³²Àº Çϵåµð½ºÅ©¸¦ ¸ðµÎ ÇÒ´çÇÏ°í ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀº xfs ·Î Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ »çÇ×Àº Á¨Åõ ¸Þ´º¾ó ¶Ç´Â man fdisk ¸¦ Âü°íÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.

FilesystemCreation Command
ext2mke2fs
ext3mke2fs -j
reiserfsmkreiserfs
xfsmkfs.xfs
jfsmkfs.jfs

7.1. Creating Filesystems

# mke2fs -j /dev/hda1 (ext3 ·Î ¸¸µé±â)
# mkfs.xfs /dev/hda3 (xfs ·Î ¸¸µé±â)
# mkswap /dev/hda2 (½º¿Ò¸¸µé±â)
# swapon /dev/hda2

7.2. Mounting

# mount /dev/hda3 /mnt/gentoo
# mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot
# mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot
chroot ÇϱâÀ§ÇÑ ÁغñÀÛ¾÷

7.3. Install a Stage Tarball

# date 120416102004 (2004³â 12¿ù 04ÀÏ 16:10)
ÇöÀç ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ ½Ã°£À» ÁöÁ¤ÇØÁÖ±â

8. Internet À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â

# cd /mnt/gentoo
# links2 http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml
À̵¿Å° : ¹æÇâÅ°, ´Ù¿î·ÎµåÅ° "d"
stage ÆÄÀÏ°ú ½º³À¼¦ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ´Ù¿î·Îµå ÇÑ´Ù, ¹°·Ð È®ÀÎÀ» À§ÇØ md5µµ ¹ÞÀ¸¸é ÁÁ´Ù
# md5sum -c stage?-*.tar.bz2.md5 (stage 2, 3)
# md5sum -c portage-*.tar.bz2.md5 (snapshot)
´Ù¿î·Îµå ¹ÞÀº ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ÀÌ»óÀ¯¹« °Ë»ç
# tar -xvjpf stage?-*.tar.bz2
# tar -xvjf /mnt/gentoo/portage-20041202.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/usr
tarball Ç®±â

9. LiveCD ·ÎºÎÅÍ stage ¾ò±â

# cd /mnt/gentoo
# ls /mnt/cdrom/stages
# tar -xvjpf /mnt/cdrom/stages/stage?-*.tar.bz2
# tar -xvjpf /mnt/cdrom/snapshot/portage-*.tar.bz2
tarball Ç®±â

10. USE Flag ¿Í mirror Á¶Á¤

# nano -w /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf
USE="x86 alsa acpi -arts avi berkdb crypt cups encode foomaticdb gdbm gif gpm gtk gtk2 imlib jpeg -kde gnome libg++ libwww mad mikmod motif mpeg ncurses nls nptl oggvorbis mp3 opengl pam pdflib png python -qt quicktime readline sdl slang spell ssl svga tcpd truetype X xml2 xv zlib cjk multichar sse sse2 mmx"
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://ftp.gentoo.or.kr/ http://mirror.gentoo.or.kr/"
¹Ì·¯´Â Çѱ¹°ú ÀϺ»¹Ì·¯

10.1. Chrooting

# cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/resolv.conf
chroot ÇϱâÀü¿¡ DNS Á¤º¸ÆÄÀÏÀÎ resolv.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» chroot µÉ etc µð·ºÅ丮 ¹Ø¿¡ º¹»ç

# mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
# chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
root directory change !
# env-update
/etc/env.d/ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ Àִ ȯ°æ°ªÀ» ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇØÁÜ
# source /etc/profile
/etc/profile Àû¿ë
# emerge --sync
portage sync

11. glibc locale »ç¿ëÀÚ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ (¿É¼Ç)

# mkdir /etc/portage
# echo "sys-libs/glibc userlocales" >> /etc/portage/package.use
# nano -w /etc/locales.build
en_US/ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8
ko_KR.EUC-KR/EUC-KR
ko_KR.UTF-8/UTF-8
ko_KR/EUC-KR

12. Stage 1 to Stage 2

# cd /usr/portage
# scripts/bootstrap.sh
ºÎÆ®½ºÆ®·¦ °úÁ¤ (»ó´çÈ÷ ¿À·¡ °É¸°´Ù !!!)

13. Stage 2 to Stage 3

# emerge system
½Ã½ºÅÛ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¸ðµÎ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇØÁØ´Ù (Á¶±Ý ¿À·¡°É¸²)

13.1. Timezone

# ls /usr/share/zoneinfo
# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Seoul /etc/localtime
ÇöÀç ÄÄÅÍÀÇ Å¸ÀÓÁ¸À» ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ/¼­¿ï·Î ½Éº¼¸¯ ¸µÅ©¸¦ °É¾îÁÜ (-f ´Â °­Á¦)

13.2. Kernel Compile

# cd /usr/portage/sys-kernel/gentoo-dev-source
# emerge gentoo-dev-sources-2.6.9-r9.ebuild (gentoo-dev-source »ç¿ë)
# cd /usr/src/linux
# make menuconfig
Ä¿³Î¼³Á¤Àº º»ÀÎÀÇ PC ¿Í ȯ°æ¿¡ ¸Â°Ô ¼¼ÆÃÇØÁÖµÇ, ¾Æ·¡ »çÇ×µéÀº Á¨Åõ¸®´ª½º »ç¿ë½Ã ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¿É¼ÇµéÀÌ´Ï ³Ö¾îÁֱ⠹ٶ÷

Activating Required Options
Code Listing 6: Selecting experimental code/drivers
Code maturity level options --->
  [*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers

Code Listing 7: Selecting correct processor family
Processor type and features --->
  (Change according to your system)
  (Athlon/Duron/K7) Processor family

Code Listing 8: Selecting necessary file systems 
(With a 2.6.x kernel)
File systems --->
  Pseudo Filesystems --->
    [*] /proc file system support
    [*] /dev file system support (OBSOLETE)
    [*]   Automatically mount at boot
    [*] Virtual memory file system support (former shm fs)

(Select one or more of the following options as needed by your system)
  <*> Reiserfs support
  <*> Ext3 journalling file system support
  <*> JFS filesystem support
  <*> Second extended fs support
  <*> XFS filesystem support

Code Listing 11: Activating SMP support
Processor type and features  --->
  [*] Symmetric multi-processing support

Code Listing 12: Activating USB Support for Input Devices
USB Support --->
  <*>   USB Human Interface Device (full HID) support

For 2.6 kernel
# make && make modules_install
º»°ÝÀûÀÎ Ä¿³ÎÄÄÆÄÀÏ (½Ã°£ÀÌ ¿À·¡°É¸²)

# cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/gentoo-2.6.9-r9
# cp System.map /boot/System.map-gentoo-2.6.9-r9
# cp .config /boot/config-2.6.9-r9
Ä¿³ÎÄÄÆÄÀÏÈÄ »êÃâµÈ ÆÄÀϵéÀ» /boot µð·ºÅ丮·Î º¹»ç

# emerge coldplug
# rc-update add coldplug boot
coldplug µ¥¸ó ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# emerge hotplug
# rc-update add hotplug default
hotplug µ¥¸ó ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# nano -w /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.X
# modules-update
Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀϽà ¸ðµâ·Î ³Ö¾ú´ø ºÎºÐÀ» ³Ö¾îÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù (kernel-2.4 or kernel-2.6)

13.3. fstab

/dev/hda1	/boot		ext3		noatime		1 1
/dev/hda3	/		xfs		noatime		0 0
/dev/hda2	none		swap		sw			0 0
À§ÀÇ FDISK ÇÒ¶§ Àâ¾ÆÁØ ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ°ú ¸¶¿îÆ®À§Ä¡¸¦ ¸ÂÃçÁØ´Ù

13.4. Network Information

# echo ns > /etc/hostname (È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓ µî·Ï)
# echo kkanari.info > /etc/dnsdomainname
# echo kkanari.info > /etc/nisdomainname
# rc-update add domainname default
µµ¸ÞÀÎ ÀÔ·Â & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï
# nano -w /etc/conf.d/net (³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤)

 == static ==
iface_eth1=¡±192.168.6.17 broadcast 192.168.6.255 netmask 255.255.255.0¡±
gateway=¡±eth1/192.168.6.1¡±

 == dhcp ==
iface_eth1=¡±dhcp¡±

14. Centrino Wireless LAN Àâ±â

# emerge ipw2100
# modprobe ipw2100
# iwlist scanning (essid ã±â)
# iwconfig eth1 essid ¡°3com¡± key 1234 (¾ÏÈ£°ªÀÌ ¹®ÀÚÀÏ°æ¿ì key s:abcd ¶ó°í ÀÔ·ÂÇØÁÜ)

15. Wireless LAN eth1

# cd /etc/init.d
# ln -s net.eth0 net.eth1
# nano -w /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1		localhost
192.168.6.17	x31.kkanari.org		x31

15.1. System Information

# passwd
# nano -w /etc/rc.conf (ÇØ´çÇ׸ñ¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »çÇ×ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¼öÁ¤ÇØ ÁØ´Ù, ¾Æ·¡´Â ³»°¡ ¼öÁ¤ÇÑ ³»¿ª)
CLOCK="local"
EDITOR="/usr/bin/vim"
DISPLAYMANAGER="gdm"
XSESSION="Gnome"

# emerge metalog
# rc-update add metalog default
metalog ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# emerge vixie-cron
# rc-update add vixie-cron default
vixie-cron ¼³Ä¡ & ¼­ºñ½º µî·Ï

# emerge slocate (filesystem indexing)
# emerge xfsprogs (xfs filesystem needs)

16. °¢ÀÚ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¸Â´Â ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇØ ÁØ´Ù.

File SystemToolInstall Command
XFSxfsprogsemerge xfsprogs
ReiserFSreiserfsprogsemerge reiserfsprogs
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